Cement

Within the secondary production sector, the cement industry belongs to the industrial manufacturing segment and more precisely among the process activities, which are defined as such because they use systematic transformation processes to radically modify and confer specific finished/usable and technological properties to its products to the extent that they are clearly differentiated from their respective raw materials.  

The current method of producing cement was patented by Joseph Aspdin in December 1824. The owner of a furnace in Yorkshire, England, Aspdin secretly produced the first hydraulic cement by burning a mixture of limestone and clay at a high temperature. The gray color and stone-like appearance of the binder, as well as its solidity and durability, resembled Portland stone which was named after the small village of Portland in Cornwall, well-known for its prized building stone. The name "Portland Cement" thus comes from its appearance and not from its place of origin.